Trope Glossary
Trope glossary
Torah Trope Symbols: The Cantillation Marks
Every trope mark (ta'am) explained — its name, its symbol, what it does in the verse, and how it sounds. Pick a mark to learn it, or hear them all in a reading.
Disjunctive marks (pauses)
These accents divide the verse — like punctuation — marking pauses of varying strength.
Etnachta
אֶתְנַחְתָּא
Sof Pasuk (Silluq)
סוֹף פָּסוּק
Segol
סֶגּוֹל
Shalshelet
שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת
Zakef Katon
זָקֵף קָטָן
Zakef Gadol
זָקֵף גָּדוֹל
Tipcha
טִפְחָא
Revia
רְבִיעַ
Zarka
זַרְקָא
Pashta
פַּשְׁטָא
Yetiv
יְתִיב
Tevir
תְּבִיר
Geresh
גֵּרֵשׁ
Gershayim
גֵּרְשַׁיִם
Pazer
פָּזֵר
Telisha Gedola
תְּלִישָׁא גְדוֹלָה
Karnei Farah
קַרְנֵי פָרָה
Conjunctive marks (connectors)
These accents connect words to the disjunctive that follows, carrying the melody forward.
Mercha
מֵרְכָא
Munach
מֻנַּח
Mahpach
מַהְפַּךְ
Darga
דַּרְגָּא
Kadma
קַדְמָא
Azla
אַזְלָא
Telisha Ketana
תְּלִישָׁא קְטַנָּה
Mercha Kefula
מֵרְכָא כְּפוּלָה
Yerach ben Yomo
יֵרֶח בֶּן יוֹמוֹ
Mixing up similar marks? See the commonly confused trope marks — Zakef Katon vs. Gadol, the two Telishas, Geresh vs. Gershayim, and more.
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